Carpeting
The friend of flippers, everywhere. Carpet can make any space look great.
The choice of carpeting is made typically based on price and availability.
Installers prefer certain types of carpeting based on ease of installation. If
you have a carpet installer to ask, find out what type they prefer and look for something
they will like. They probably know more about carpeting that the people who make
or sell it.
There are some other environmentally important aspects of carpet
selection.
Environmentally Responsible Carpet Choices
Produced by Sonya
Capek and Bretnie
Grose, National Parks Service - Pacific West Region (Reprinted
with permission - Updated: October, 2005)
Introduction
Background
A
carpet’s lifecycle impacts include chemical emissions from manufacturing,
depletion of natural resources like petroleum, transportation, indoor air
quality upon installation, and disposal costs at landfills and recycling
operations. Choosing carpet that minimizes these impacts is especially
important given the huge amount of carpeting used in the United States and its
relatively short expected useful lifetime.
The
vast amount of carpet manufactured and installed in the U.S. is made of
synthetic materials - nylon, polyester, and polypropylene face fibers, with
most backings being a sandwich of polypropylene fabric and latex. Most
commercial carpets are made by bonding a face fiber to a backing fiber, using
one of a variety of strong bonding agents. Nylon 6 and nylon 6,6 account for
nearly two-thirds of the face fiber market, with polyester as the next most
commonly used fiber. Although some believe that nylon 6,6 has a higher
performance rating than nylon 6, others believe that it is not enough to make
a difference in selection. Because nylon 6 is a single polymer, it is
easier and more common to recycle nylon 6 than nylon 6,6 into new nylon.
However, manufacturers have been recycling post-industrial nylon 6,6 into new
face fiber for many years.
Making A Choice
Environmentally
responsible carpet options each have their own merits and considerations, and
what you choose will in part depend on your specific need, location, and use.
Consider the
following when deciding on a new carpet:
 | Recycling
your old carpet to keep it out of the landfill
| Using
carpet tiles rather than rolls to aid in spot replacement and longer life
| The
type of fiber (i.e., nylon, polyester P.E.T., wool), the recycled content,
and the recyclability of the face fiber, backing, and cushion
| Choosing
fiber density and durability for heavy traffic use
| Choosing
colors and patterns that reduce wear
| Carpet
fiber construction (manufactured by tufting, weaving, and fusion bonding,
of which tufting is the most common) and pile type (loop, cut, or
combination), which determine appearance and performance. Lower pile
height and higher pile yarn density is better for high traffic areas and
gives the best performance.
| How
and where the carpet will be used. Some people prefer the appearance and
durability of nylon to polyester; others will state that recycled
polyester (PET plastic) is more durable and naturally stain resistant.
Wool carpet is naturally flame resistant, durable, and provides excellent
indoor environmental quality, but at a higher cost.
| Choosing
a backing or carpet cushion with high recycled content and/or minimal
resource use, choosing to eliminate the need for backing in general when
not needed.
| Indoor
air quality and the method of installation – adhesives can emit VOCs and
create an unhealthy indoor environment.
| Floor
coverings other than carpet make good environmental choices, and perhaps
the best environmental choice is to use carpet only where necessary, and
maintain and clean it properly to maximize its life. |
| | | | | | | | |
CPG (Comprehensive Procurement Guidelines) Federal Requirements:
Under
the Comprehensive Procurement Guideline, Federal agencies are required to
purchase items containing recovered materials (pursuant to EO 13101 and
Section 6002 of The Resources Conservation and Recovery Act). Sixty-one items
are currently listed, including P.E.T. carpet face fiber and carpet cushion.
The recommended recovered material content for polyester face fiber is listed
as 25-100% P.E.T. resin (recycled plastic soda bottles). The Envirelon
(Talisman) line meets this standard.
Carpet cushion’s recommended recovered material content varies according to
material: 15-50% for bonded polyurethane, 40% for jute, 100% for synthetic
fibers, and 60-90% for rubber. For more information, visit
EPA’s
CPG web site.
EPA's
recommendations do not preclude a procuring agency from purchasing another
type of carpet or carpet cushion. They simply require that procuring agencies,
when purchasing P.E.T. carpet or bonded polyurethane, jute, synthetic fiber,
or rubber carpet cushions, purchase these items made with recovered materials
at levels that meet applicable specifications and performance requirement.
Indoor Air Quality and Carpet
Installation:
Ensure
that your new carpet meets indoor air quality standards. The Carpet and Rug
Institute (CRI) has an Indoor Air Quality Carpet Testing Green Label which
sets carpet standards. Adhering to the CRI standards is recommended, but
requiring the CRI Label in specs may eliminate certain carpet manufacturers
such as Collins & Aikman which may exceed CRI standards, but do not use
the CRI Label.
Several
manufacturers, including Milliken, Interface, Bentley Prince Street, Mohawk,
Shaw, and Collins & Aikmen have either committed to entirely PVC-free
manufacturing or produced PVC-free carpet backing.
Carpet
can be a major source of indoor air contamination. The adhesives used to
install carpets and the latex rubber used by some manufacturers to adhere face
fibers to backing materials generate volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Carpets also cover large surfaces within an interior environment and can
provide “sinks” for the absorption of VOCs from other sources. Installing
carpets in strict accordance with CRI guidelines, as well as additional
measures such as requiring suppliers to unroll and air-out carpets in the
warehouse before bringing them into the building, will minimize the risks of
indoor air quality problems resulting from the carpet. Tests indicate that
carpet emissions will dissipate within 48 to 72 hours with proper ventilation.
Commercial
carpets can be installed with water based, low VOC adhesives, or the products
can be purchased with preapplied adhesive. Carpet tiles allow for the
replacement of individual tiles when they are soiled or damaged, but the
production of tiles may require more bonding agents than broadloom. A variety
of adhesives are included in the CRI Green Label program; water-based
adhesives are available from the distributors listed below. Rubber-based
recycled padding is commonly used and can outgas. Recycled padding made from
recycled carpet fibers may be more suitable for environmentally sensitive
persons. Carpet cushion is tested in the CRI program and a variety of cushion
products qualify to carry the CRI Green Label.
Carpet Maintenance:
Frequent
and good maintenance is the key to a long lasting and good-looking carpet.
Commercial areas with heavy traffic should be vacuumed daily, with equipment
that has powerful suction and an enclosed HEPA filtration bag. Every 6-12
months, the carpet should be extraction cleaned, preferably by hot water or
steam. Some methods such as dry foam or dry extraction use chemicals that can
emit fumes and cause indoor air quality problems. Clean up spills immediately
to prevent stains and fungal growth.
Carpet
should not be installed near entrance doors or areas where moisture and
organic matter can contaminate them. Walk-off mats at entrances should be
installed or that portion of carpet should be cleaned more often than less
trafficked carpet. Carpet fibers are an excellent medium for dust mites
and microbial agents, especially if the carpet becomes wet and cannot be
properly dried. Carpet can be purchased treated with antimicrobial agents that
resist the growth of microorganisms.
Recycling Old Carpet:
Purchasing
new carpet often means an old carpet must be discarded. It is important
that the old carpet be kept out of the landfill and recycled into new products
instead. There are several major methods of recycling: chemical recycling,
which involves breaking down the nylon itself to be reprocessed into new
carpet fiber; fiberizing, where carpet fibers are harvested and converted into
backing, padding, and matting for use in laying new carpet; and mechanical,
where carpet fibers are down cycled into different products. Materials
can be processed into products such as parking barriers, geotextiles, lumber
alternatives, fiberboard, sod reinforcement, carpet tack strip or automobile
parts. Because separating yarn from the backing can be difficult, some
manufacturers have developed a coding system. A bar code is stamped on the
back of the carpet to identify all of the materials used in it. Several
manufacturers have their own take-back program for the end of the life of the
carpet, particularly when installing a new carpet. (Examples are provided
below)
Other Environmental Floor Coverings:
Floor
coverings other than carpet make good environmental choices, and perhaps the
best environmental choice is to use carpet only where necessary. The
following carpet alternatives could be considered:
| Natural
linoleum is made from softwood powder, linseed oil, pine tree resins,
cork, chalk, and jute backing. Natural linoleum uses renewable resources
and offers durability without compromising aesthetics. The cork used in
linoleum is harvested from the cork tree on an ongoing basis without
harming the tree. Linoleum products include Marmoleum by Forbo Industries,
Marmorette by Armstrong, and Linosom by Domco. Natural linoleum costs more
than low-cost vinyl flooring, but durability and low-maintenance makes
life-cycle costs lower.
| Bamboo
is a fast-growing, renewable flooring material with sustainable forest
management practices.
| Natural
carpets are made from grasses, cotton, and wool, with minimal treatment.
Wool carpet is made from a renewable resource and is durable and
biodegradable. Natural carpet materials cost more than common carpet
materials, but are competitively prices with standard high quality
carpeting.
| Recycled-content
tile is made from waste glass such as light bulbs and auto windshields,
and a byproduct of feldspar mining. Recycled-content glass tile
often costs more than average tile products.
| Ceramic
tile offers outstanding durability and maintainability, with a high
aesthetic value.
| Resilient
flooring such as Eco-Surfaces by Dodge-Regupol (100% recycled rubber) and
Stratica by the Amtico Company (non-vinyl, VOC-free, chlorine-free
flooring), are available.
| Wood
salvaged from existing buildings or from a forest certified as sustainably
harvested are excellent environmental options. EcoTimber
manufactures wood flooring from reclaimed, certified wood and other wood
alternatives.
| Concrete
also offers a durable environmental alternative by using fewer resources
when a concrete slab is made into a finished floor by adding color,
texture, and patterns to the top layer of concrete with no additional
covering. |
| | | | | | |
Recycled-Content Face Fiber:
While many factors contribute to the overall life-cycle costs of a carpet,
one way companies can reduce impacts of the manufacturing process is to use
recycled content in the face fiber of the carpet. Presently, most recycled
nylon comes from post-industrial fiber (waste from extrusion and yarn mills,
clean lint and edge trim from finishing lines) but the technology is rapidly
improving to convert used nylon fiber into new carpet. As more used carpet
becomes available and manufacturing plants adapt their facilities to meet the
new technology, the percent of post-consumer content should increase. Keep in
mind that the amount of post-industrial content should not be a selection
criterion, because as companies become more efficient at reducing waste in the
manufacturing process, the percentage of post-industrial recycled content in
commercial yarn should drop. It may not be possible to specify the type of
face fiber or the amount of recycled content, but you can choose carpet
manufacturers who choose one of the following fibers.
- P.E.T.
- Carpet made with recycled P.E.T. (e.g., soda bottles) face fibers often
has the highest percentage recycled content. P.E.T. fibers are naturally
stain resistant and do not require the chemical treatments used on some
nylon carpet. Fibers retain their color and resist fading due to sun or
harsh cleaning. Shades can be richer and brighter than those found in
nylon yarns. P.E.T. carpet manufacturers claim P.E.T. is superior to lower
grades of virgin synthetic fibers and that is has exceptional strength and
durability. At the time of this report, no programs to recycle used P.E.T.
carpet back into new carpet exist, but fibers can be down-cycled into
other products such as car parts, insulation, transportation devices, and
furniture stuffing.
- Nylon
- Nylon carpet uses one of two types of nylon face fiber – nylon 6 or
nylon 6,6. Recycled content percentages are often lower in both types than
P.E.T. carpets, but nylon fibers, particularly nylon 6 fibers, are often
easier to recycle at the end of its life. All of the following nylon
manufacturers’ recycled content levels are Scientific Certification
Systems (SCS)-certified.
Honeywell Infinity Forever Renewable Nylon: The Infinity Forever
Renewable Nylon is nylon 6 made from recycled nylon 6 carpet fibers. (Recycled
content percentages vary). Used in Mohawk Commercial carpets. Recycled content
comes from the Evergreen Nylon Recycling program, 877-N6-CYCLE.
www.infinitynylon.com
Honeywell Zeftron Nylon: Zeftron Nylon has three nylon 6 lines of
face fiber that use a range of recycled content. Zeftron Savant uses the
highest, with 50% total recycled content, 25% of which is post-consumer.
Zeftron Select and Zeftron Solure both contain 25% post-industrial recycled
content. www.zeftronnylon.com Recycled content comes from the 6ix Again closed
loop recycling program. www.zeftronnylon.com/main/enviro/6ixagain.cfm
Invista Antron Nylon: Invista manufactures three nylon 6,6 face
fiber products with recycled content - Antron Legacy, Antron nylon with
StainResist, and Antron Lumena. Antron Lumena comes standard with at least 5%
recycled content, with all three lines containing 90% post-industrial content
on a select basis, depending on the carpet manufacturer. The Invista
Reclamation Program will reclaim any carpet when specified in the installation
of a new carpet. 877-5-ANTRON http://antron.invista.com
DuPont: Sorona fibers – biobased “Bio-PDO” corn-sugar derived
chemical, but currently with limited availability in carpets. www.dupont.com/sorona
Carpet Manufacturers
Incorporating
sustainability into carpet manufacturing means more than putting recycled
content into face fiber. Many companies offer recycled content backing,
modular tiles that extend carpet life, recycled content cushion, durability,
low- or no-VOC adhesives, techniques that eliminate the need for adhesives,
refurbishing programs that extend carpet life, and recovery programs that keep
carpets out of the landfill. Several manufacturers have even committed
to reduce the life-cycle impacts of carpet by reducing emissions at
manufacturing plants, using solar or other renewable energy to power their
plants, and making a commitment to reducing waste, toxics, and non-renewable
resource depletion. Consider all of these impacts when choosing a carpet
manufacturer.
- INTERFACE
FLOORING:
- 800-336-0225
-
- Interface Flooring
has been a leader in sustainability, and their product lines offer many
environmental options. All of their flooring meets CRI standards,
the Intersept line offers an antimicrobial preservative, and modular
tiles extend carpet life. Interface introduced an organically
grown and biodegradable corn-based polymer called PLA (see product
lines). Interface also introduced their Cool Carpet, an effort to
mitigate the emissions that result from all parts of a carpet’s life
cycle – from the extraction of raw materials to disposal at the end of
its life. When a customer specifies Cool Carpet, Interface funds
greenhouse-gas reduction projects estimated to offset the climate damage
caused by the carpet.
-
- Product Lines
- Vertical Circles –
uses a biobased fiber made from a blend of polylactic acid and nylon.
Available for modular flooring in three products – Metamorphic,
Syncronicity, and Kinesis.
Entropy
– Biomimicry design that focuses on minimizing materials, with a total of
45% recycled content (27% post-industrial, 22% post-consumer)
Sabi
– Raw materials reduction, high recycled content in face fiber and
backing, with a total of 51% (29% post-industrial, 22% post-consumer)
Prairie
School – Raw materials reduction, high recycled content in face fiber and
backing, with a total of 54% (32% post-industrial, 22% post-consumer),
GlasBac RE recycled content backing used
- Backing
- GlasBac RE – a
layer of 100% recycled vinyl composite incorporated into the backing,
with the backing containing at least 40% total recycled content by
weight (20% post-consumer)
NexStep
– PVC-free cushion backing system
- Recycling
- 888-RE-ENTRY
- ReEntry –
Interface Carpet Reclamation Program. If carpet is purchased from
Interface, the ReEntry program will take back the old carpet and either
down-cycle it into other products or energy, recycle it, or repurpose it
for reuse through donation.
-
- Adhesives
- Spray adhesives used
reduce adhesive use by 50%.
-
- GSA
- Interface offers
“one-stop shopping” on GSA which includes removal and recycling of
the old carpet, and purchase and installation of the new carpet.
-
- BENTLEY
PRINCE STREET FLOORING:
- 800-423-4709,
206-729-7745
- Bentley Prince
Street, a sister company of Interface, also offers Cool Carpet, an
effort to mitigate the emissions that result from all parts of a
carpet’s life cycle – from the extraction of raw materials to
disposal at the end of its life. When a customer specifies Cool
Carpet, Bentley Prince Street funds greenhouse-gas reduction projects
estimated to offset the climate damage caused by the carpet.
-
- Face Fiber
- Bentley Prince
Street uses nylon 6,6 face fiber - Invista Antron Legacy high recycled
content fiber, or Solutia Ultron Renew fiber, both with high
post-industrial recycled content, ranging from 23%-100% depending on the
product.
-
- Adhesives
- Healthbond Adhesives
are water-based, zero calculated VOC, and exceed the CRI Green Label
requirements.
-
- Backing
- NexStep – PVC-free
cushion backing system
-
- Recycling
- 888-RE-ENTRY
- Bentley Prince
Street participates in Interface Flooring’s ReEntry Carpet Reclamation
Program. The ReEntry program will take back old carpet and either
down-cycle it into other products or energy, recycle it, or repurpose it
for reuse through donation.
-
- SHAW
CONTRACT GROUP:
- 800-257-7429
-
- Face Fiber
- EcoSolution Q nylon
contains 25% recycled content and minimizes use of raw materials.
-
- Backing
- EcoWorx backing
system is a PVC-free tile backing that can be infinitely recycled into
new backing. Contains 40% recycled content. Shaw also has a
carpet backing with a polyurethane laminate containing a soybean
product, available through Shaw’s Patcraft Commercial products.
-
- Indoor Air
Quality
- Exceeds the CRI
Green Label Plus standards
-
- Recycling
- 877-502-SHAW
- Shaw’s
Cradle-to-Cradle policy uses an 800# on the back of each carpet tile and
allows the user to call Shaw at the end of the carpet’s life to pick
up the carpet, free of charge, to be recycled into new carpet. Both
EcoSolution Q nylon and EcoWorx backing are specifically designed to be
recycled back into new carpet, true cradle-to-cradle recycling.
-
- THE
MOHAWK GROUP:
- 800-622-6228
-
- Face Fiber
- Mohawk uses
Honeywell’s Infinity Forever Renewable Nylon in select carpet lines,
which contains a minimum of 25% post-consumer and 25% post-industrial
recycled content. Other lines include Antron Legacy, Antron Lumena,
or Zeftron nylon, all of which contain varying percentages of recycled
content. Mohawk also uses recycled PET in their Enviro-Tech
residential and some of their commercial lines. Some Mohawk lines
use SmartStrand and ColorStrand made with DuPont’s Sorona polymer
fibers, a biobased “Bio-PDO” corn-sugar derived chemical.
-
- Backing
- Duraloc AC and MG
backings are PVC and chlorine free, use a non-toxic seam sealer, are CRI
Green Label certified, and can be recycled. EcoFlex is an ultra-low VOC
backing and cushion system. Mohawk reports that with Infinity
nylon, backing is often not needed, which reduces resource depletion and
improves air quality. Carpet pad may be desired for residential
applications, which can be purchased with recycled content. A
carpet cushion called BioBalance is made with soybean oil, an
environmental alternative to other recycled content cushions.
-
- Recycling
- Like other
companies, Mohawk will remove and recycle old carpet upon installation
of a new carpet.
-
- COLLINS
& AIKMEN FLOORCOVERINGS (TANDUS GROUP):
- 800-248-2878
-
- Face Fiber
- Collins & Aikmen
(C&A) Floorcoverings (owned by Tandus) produces a modular tile
line called Habitat that has low life-cycle impacts and 45% overall
recycled content (including backing). The Habitat line contains a
minimum of 7% post-consumer content and 82% post-industrial content in
its face fiber.
-
- Backing
- C&A produces
floor coverings with a 100% recycled content backing called ER3. The
backing is produced in the company’s closed-loop recycling process and
is the standard in the modular tile product line. The 100% recycled
content backing results in an overall 34 to 51% total recycled content
carpet (when adding in the face fiber weight).
-
- Adhesives
- C&A offers an
installation system that eliminates the use of wet adhesives, and no
airing out is required. Products with preapplied adhesive are installed
using a “peel and stick” method, which virtually eliminates VOCs.
-
- Recycling
- C&A offers a
closed-loop take back program called the Infinity Initiative where they
will take vinyl backed carpet at the end of its useful life (regardless
of the original manufacturer) and guarantee that all of it will be
recycled. All C&A products, including ER3 recycled content carpet,
can be recycled again and again after their 15-20 year life.
-
- GSA
- C&A offers
“one-stop shopping” on GSA which includes removal and recycling of
the old carpet, purchase, and installation of the new carpet.
-
- MILLIKEN
CARPET:
- 800-257-3987
- Milliken Carpet’s
manufacturing plants achieved zero waste sent to the landfill starting
in 1999 and they were also the first to eliminate PVC from all of their
carpet manufacturing. They offer adhesive-free installation and
have reduced the amount of raw materials needed in production of their
carpet.
-
- Backing
- TractionBack backing
requires no adhesives for installation and eliminates VOCs.
-
- Recycling
and Reuse
- 877-E2-RENEW
- Milliken’s Earth
Square program renews used modular carpet, and reconditions it for
reuse. Carpet tiles can be purchased through Earth Square, or a
service installation and maintenance plan can be purchased which
includes cleaning, reconditioning, and reinstallation of purchased
carpet. Milliken also guarantees that old carpet will be recycled
upon installation of a new carpet.
Milliken’s
Textile and Carpet Care program
(888-88M-CARE) encompasses carpet cleaning
and maintenance that reduces toxics, increases indoor air quality, and
extends the life of the carpet.
- Beaulieu’s
residential carpets includes two collections that contain 100% recycled
P.E.T. fibers – Styled for Living and Second Nature. Their
commercial carpets are nylon, but their modular tile backing, Nexterra,
contains 35% recycled content P.E.T. and 50% post-consumer glass.
OTHER
COMPANIES WITH ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES:
Blue
Ridge Commercial Carpet:
Exceeds
CRI standards, participates in Honeywell’s 6ix Again and
Invista’s Carpet Reclamation programs, uses recycled content in
certain products
800-241-5945
|
J&J
Industries:
Encore SD Ultima face fiber contains 25% recycled content, SBR latex
backing contains recycled content, partners with fiber manufacturers
in reclamation programs (Honeywell, Invista, Solutia)
800-241-4586
|
|
Mannington
Mills:
Products meet CRI standards & LEED for IAQ, recycles carpet into
resilient flooring
800-241-2262
|
Lees
Commercial Carpets:
Some
lines meet CRI standards, SCS-certified for environmental
preferability
800-523-5647
|
|
Atlas
Carpet Mills, Inc.:
Uses
Invista Antron nylon, biobased BioBalance carpet cushion, CRI
certified, participates in Invista’s Carpet Reclamation program
213-622-2314
|
|
GSA Carpet Contracts:
These contracts are for use by
federal agencies. They can also be used for your information.
Carpets with environmental attributes are available on the GSA schedule,
including Envirelon, Collins & Aikman, Interface, Bentley Prince Street,
Mohawk, Shaw, and more. Depending on the manufacturer, a single contract can
include the purchase of a new carpet, installation, and old carpet removal and
recycling. To view the GSA schedules for carpet, visit www.fss.gsa.gov,
click on “Schedules e-Library” on the lower right-hand side, and type in a
search for Federal Supply Schedule 72 I A.
- GSA Schedule Categories for Carpeting:
- 31 601 Recycled content and biobased flooring
- 31 305 Carpet cushion
- 31 301 & 302 Broadloom carpet
- 31 303 Carpet tiles
- 31 602 Flooring recycling programs
- 31 604 Installation and removal services
GSA National Furniture Center – Schedule assistance 703-305-7003
Carpet Resources:
- The Carpet and Rug Institute
- (800) 882-8846
Carpet
America Recovery Effort
Green
Seal’s Choose Green Report on Floor Coverings
EPA’s
Product Stewardship Report on Carpet
Environmental
Building News & Green Spec Binder
Manufacturers and Distributors of Recycled-content
Cushion/Padding or Backing:
|
Fairmont
Division (Leggett & Platt):
100%
recycled bonded cushion from polyurethane foam.
800-475-0010,
773-376-1300
|
RB
Rubber Products: Sells
rolls with 97% recycled rubber for carpet underlayment.
800-525-5530
|
Reliance
Carpet Cushion: Uses
100% recycled materials, mainly from the textiles industry, and uses
no CFC’s, latex, or chemical additives.
800-522-5252
|
Foamex
International, Inc.: 100%
recycled content in Rebond Carpet Cushion, a bonded polyurethane
product.
800-776-3626
|
|
Dodge-Regupol,
Inc.:
100% recycled tire rubber carpet pad. Withstands temperatures
from 40 to 120 degrees. Free of toxic materials such as PCB,
mercury, and formaldehyde.
717-295-3400,
800-322-1923
|
Dura
Undercushions, Ltd.:
Carpet
pad manufactured in a cellular structure from ground tire scrap rubber
granules bonded with latex. Can be installed using either conventional
tackless method or by double-stick method. Made from 92%
recycled tire rubber.
514-737-6561,
800-295-4126
|
Homasote
Company: 4-way
floor decking is a structural, noise-deadening sub-floor and
insulating carpet underlayment made with 100% recycled content
newspaper.
800-257-9491
|
Southwest
Fibers (Leggett & Platt): Formaldehyde
free; recycled carpet fibers.
254-562-2814
|
Manufacturers and
Distributors of Natural Carpet (wool, sisal, seagrass, jute):
|
800-233-8773
|
Naturlich
Natural Home: 100%
wool carpeting
707-824-0914
|
|
Dellinger
Inc. Rugs: Cotton
and wool rugs and carpets
706-291-7402
|
Sinan
Co.: Wool
and jute carpets, installed by stretching or water-based gluing
530-753-3104
|
Manufacturers and
Distributors of Environmentally Preferable Adhesives:
|
AFM
Enterprises:
Makes a non-toxic, water-based, 3-in-1 Safecoat Adhesive.
619-239-0321
|
Franklin
International: Titebond
Solvent-Free construction adhesive (nearly no VOC’s, 5 gm/ltr)
800-347-4583
|
|
DAP
Inc.: DAP
Weldwood Carpet Adhesive is a low-VOC, latex-based, non-flammable
adhesive.
888-DAP-TIPS
|
ChemRex
Inc.
612-496-6000
|
|
Sinan
Co.: Water-based
“Auro” brand natural adhesive
530-753-3104
|
|
Every house can not be flipped by
every person for a profit every time.
Profit
|
